EC –401  NUMERICAL ANALYSIS & PROGRAMMING WITH  C

1.     NUMERICAL   METHODS :-

Solutions of algebric and transcendental equations by Newotn-Raphson method.  Direct iteration methods simultaneous equations by crauss elimination ,  Gauss-Jorden ,  Gauss-Seidal method. Numerical methods   to solve first order and first degree   ordinary differential equations Picard’s   Methods.  Taylor’s  series methods ,Runge   Cutta method Finite difference and difference equations , finite difference , interpolations, Newton’s  forward Backward and  central  difference and  Langrange’s  formula , Bessels  formula. Numerical Differentations and integration,  Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule ,Difference  equation  with Constant  co-efficients.

2.     PROGRAMMING   IN   C   LANGUAGE  :-

Overview of c, constants, variables and data types, operators and expressions, managing  input  and Output operators, decision making and branching, decision making and looping, arrays and handling Of character strings, user defined function, structures, union and pointers , file management.

PRACTICAL/ORAL:  The practical and term work shall be based on syllabus.

BOOKS:

1.      Higher Engineering Mathamatics..                   B. S. Grewal.

2.      Numerical Methods in Engineering and Science B. S. Grewal.

3.     Computer oriented numerical method         B. Rangaraman. (PHI)

4.      Programming in C                                    E. Balagurusamy (TMH)

5.      Let us C                                                  Yashvant  Kanitkar

EC –402   ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM

    1.    GENERATION OF POWER :-

Site selection ,general layout and functional introduction of  various major components of  Thermal ,Hydro, Nuclear and gas, turbine Power stations and their relative comparison, Flow Duration curve, mass curve and classification of hydroelectric power station. Nuclear materials, Isotopes, Energy release by fission and fusion, chair reaction, control of fission, Reactor coolants, different types of Nuclear reactors. Different power station in Gujarat and their installed capacity, major power plant site in our country.

2.    TRANSMISSION OF POWER: -

 Elements of transmission lines, inductance of single phase and three – phase Lines, GMR  & GMD capacitance of single –phase and three phase lines, charging current, transmission line ABCDd  constants, performance of short line, mixed conditions, performance of shortline, mixed conditions, performance of medium transmission lines, Pie and T methods of solution, inductive interference a with neighboring communication circuit6s, corona, power loss due to corona, transposition, Bundled conductors.

3.   DISTRICUTION OF POWER:-

Transmission and distribution systems, types of distribution system, arrangements ,selection and size of feeders, types of cables, calculation of Distribution sizes and voltage drops,Considerations for industrial distribution system.

4.   MEASUREMENT OF POWER:-

Measurements of power in single phase and three phase circuits, construction  working principle, operation, Errors and calibration of watt-meter and system, methods for improving power factor, Economic limits of improving p.f. , Construction and working principle of current transformer and potential transformer, measurement of voltage, current, power and energy using them,Ratio and phase errors.

5.   PROTECTION: -

 zones of protection, essential quantities of protection, primary and back-up protection,Basic terminology. Analysis, duality between amplitude and phase compurgators, Analysis, duality between amplitude and phase compurgators, General equation of electromagnetic relay, integrating, instaneous and Sampling type amplitude compurgators, deirct, phase splitting and integrating type phase splitting and integrating type phase compactors.

6.   RELAY APPLICATIONS :-

Overcurrent, instantaneous over current, Time current, directional, distance, differential, based differential relay principles, characteristics their implementation in conventional and static protection, carrier and microwave pilot protection scheme.

7.   PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENT :-

Nature of faults, Application of differential and biased differential Protection schemas for alternators, transformers and motors prevention of inrush current in transformers, Buchholz’s relay protection for stator, rotor and loss of excitation in alternators.

TUTORIAL/ TERMWORK SHALL BE BASED ON SYLLABNUS

BOOKS

(1)A COURSE IN ELECTRICAL POWER (1,2). By SONI, GUPTA, BHATNAGAR.

(2)ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM DESIGN. . BY MV DESHPANDE.

(3)A COURSE IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTS.BY AK SAWHNEY.

(4)POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION AND SWITCHGER. . BY B RAVINDRANATH  & M CHANDER.

EC –403   WAVE SHAPING AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS

1.   PULSE FUNDAMENTALS:

Properties of pulse, duty cycle,transition time, droop, ringing, characteristics of switching devices, effect of junction capacitances and device resistances, various switcching times, typical transistor junction voltages, rise & fall time, sag, relational of sag and rise time with sinusoidal frequency response. Equivalent circuit & complete pulse response of a pulse transformer.  Design consideration, ferrite transformers, Electromagnetic delay line.

2.   LINEAR WAVE SHAPING :-

Low pass and  high pass R-C, R-L circuits, sinusoidal frequency response, Response of these circuits to step, pulse, square, ramp and exponential signals, high pass circuit as differentiator, low pass circuit as integrator.

3.   NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING:-

Working and design of a transistor switching circuit, effect of inductive and capacitive load, damper and collector catching diodes, working and transistor characteristics of series and shunt diode clipper circuit, clipping at two independent levels, diode and transistor clamping and comparator circuits.

4.   Logic Fundamentals :

Review of number systems and in conversion, complements, binary, error detection, reflect complement, review of  boolean algebra, functions and reduction of canonical and standard forms.  Logic operators, review of logic gates EX-OR, EX-NOR GATES.  NAND and NOR as a universal gate.

5.   Combinational  Logic :

Two level implementations of boolean functions,  Don't Care conditions,  design using K-map and McCluskey (Tabular) method and implementation in various forms.  Applications such as parallel adder, decimal adder , magnitude comparator, decoder, demultiplexer, multiplexer etc.

6.   Sequential  Logic : 

Latch, R-S,  J-K  master slave, J-K, D-type flip-flops,  Triggering of flip-flops , Analysis and design of sequential circuits using state tables, diagrams, eqquation reductions and assignments.Registers, left shift, right shift, serial-parallel input-output combinations, ripple and synchronous counters,up- Down counting, word time generation, Jhnson counter.

7.   Processor Logic Design:

Processor organisation, arithmetic logic unit, design of arithmetic circuit, design of arithmetic logic unit, status register, design of shifter.

8.   Memory Unit:

Basic IC memory unit, magnetic core memory, examples of other memory cells, read- write operations, address techniques, static and dynamic memories, CCD.

PRACTICAL/ORAL : Practicals and termwork shall be based on syllabus.

LIST OF BOOKS:

(1)    Digital Logic and Computer Design by M. Morrismano, PHI.

(2)    Digital Electronics by W. H. Gothman.

(3)    Integrated Electronics by Millman and Halkias

(4)    Digital Principles and applications by Malvino and Leach

(5)    Digital Computer Fundamentals by Bartee

EC –404  CONTROL SYSTEM  ENGINEERING

1.   INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL THEORY :

Open loop and closed  loop control system. Servomechanism ,  Linear,  nonlinear,  continuous  data,  sampled data and multivariable control system, illustration of some simple control system.

2.    MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF PHYSICAL SYSTEM:

 Linear and nonlinear model, transfer function, mechanical translational and rotational systems, analogous electrical systems. Construction, operation  and  transfer function of servo components such as a D.C. and A.C. servomotor, stepper motor, potentiometers, synchros, tachogeneraters, etc.  Construction, block diagram and transfer function of physical systems, ac, dc, position control system, Block diagram algebra, Signal flow graphs, obtaining overall transfer function using block reduction technique and using mason’s gain formulas for signal  flow graphs.

3.   TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS :

Standard test6 signasls, time response of first order systems, time response of second order systems, stady  state error and error constants, Design specification of second order system. Design considerations of higher order systems, performance indices.

4.    FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS :

 Frequency domain specifications, correlation between time and frequency  response. Polar plots, gain and phase margin.

5.    STABILITY AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS :

Concept of stability, Necessary conditions for stability, Routh & Nyquist stability criteron, Relative stability, closed loop frequency response performance, Specification and their determination using frequency response plots.

6.     ROOTS LOCUS TECHNIQUE :

        Concept of root locus, construction rules, Applications.

     PRACTICAL / ORAL :

     The practicals/tutorials and termwork shall be based on the syllabus.

      LIST OF BOOKS :

1.       CONTROL SYSTEM ENGINEERING BY NAGRATH & GOPAL

2.       MODERN CONTROL ENGINEERING BY K. OGATA

3.       AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM BY S.N. VERMA

A COURSE IN CONTROL ENGINEERING BY A. SUBBARAO & PARAG R. DESAI 

EC –405  ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION

1.   Series & Parallel resonance Circuits:                                                                                 Series  RLC circuit, parallel tuned circuit, mutual inductance, coupling circuit, passive filters.

2.   Noise:                                                                                                                                   Types     of   noises, equivalent noise resistance, signal to noise ratio, noise factor, noise  temperature.

3.    RF & Broad band amplifier:                                                                                                Tuned RF amplifier neutralization, special RF amplifier, class  C  and  linear amplifier, transmitter and amplifier matching.

4.    Oscillators:                                                                                                                                    Types of oscillators, stability, freq. Synthesizer.

5.     Receivers:                                                                                                                          

       Freq. Superheterodyne  receiver, choise of intermidiate frequency and osc. Image rejection, adjacent channel selectivity and spurious response , traking, AGC double conversion receivers, IF  communication  receivers.

6.    Analog modulation:                                                                                              

       Amplitude modulatioin, single side band modulation,  angle modulation.

7.    Satellite Communication:                                                                                                 

       Orbit ,  station keeping , satellite altitude transmission path and path loss.

8.    TunedAmplifiers:                                                                                                                              Resonance- Series and parallel resonance, quality factor, reactance curve,impedance and bandwidth calculation, current and voltage

EC –406  ELECTRONIC WORKSHOP PRACTICE

Following acpects  may be covered :

(1)  Study and identification of electronic components such as resistors, capacitors,  inductors. AF  And RF   transformers, coils,  relays, reed  switches PCB  connnectors, LED  LCD   displays etc. 

(2)  Testing and identification of electronic devices such as PN  junctions,  transistors, FETs, MOSFETs, UJT, SCRs,  diacs,  Triacs,  bridge rectifiers,  TTL  & MOS  Ics, operational Amplifiers etc.

(3)  Use of  data books,  specification  and commercial  identification of components  and devices.

(4)  Soldering and desoldering practise.

(5) Use of breadboard  and general  purpose PCBs. 

(6) Study of different types of conductors,  cables,  connectors e.g. solid  wired, standered wire, co-axial  cable,   lugs and clips,  terminal  strips,  phone plug,  TV-VCR   connectors and  recepacles,   fuses  such as  gloss cartridge  fuses   etc.

(7)  Study of  PCB  design  techeniques  and process. 

  (8)  Study of house wiring and energy  meter connection. 

PRACTICAL/ORAL   tutorial  and termwork  shall be    based  on syllabus.