E.501 Electrical Power SYSTEM- II

(1)  Line constants: Inductance of 1-phase,two-wire line and composite     Conductor lines,inductance of 3-phase spacing,with and Without      transposition,double circuit line,bundled conductors.Resistance and     skin effect. Capacitance of 1-phase and 3-phase transmission line.     Effect of earth, on Transmission line capacitance.

(2)  Representation of power systems components:-One line diagram     and Impedance/reactance diagram,per unit system Representation.

(3)  Performance of transmission lines: Performance calculation of     short line,medium line by nominal T and TT method.Evaluation of         A,B,C,D constants long transmission lines-Rigorous solution             interpretation of the long line Equation Ferranti effect equivalent     circuit.

(4)  Power Circle Diagram :Receiving end and sending end power circle      Diagram. Universal circle diagram.

(5)  Symmetrical Fault Analysis: Transients on a transmission line,     short circuit of an unloaded and loaded synchronous machine,       Reactance’s of a synchronous machine,Bus impedance Matrix.Algorithm     for short circuit studies.

(6)  Symmetrical Components : Symmetrical component transformation         phase shifting in star-delta transformers,sequence impedances of      power system  components/sequence networks of a power system.

(7)  Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis :Symmetrical component analysis    of Unsymmetrical faults,like L-G, L-L, L-L-G faults. Bus Impedance    matrix method.

References : (1) Elements of power system analysis-- Stevenson

               (2) Modern power system analysis     -- Nagrath & Kothari

               (3) Electric3al power                -- Dr. S.L. Upal

               (4) A course in electricalpower      -- Soni,Gupta and  bhatnagar

E.502 Energy Management W.E.F.2003

1.   Energy Situation : Non-conventional renewable energy source,      potential of renewable energy sources.

2.   Solar radiation, terrestrial solar radiation balance, generalized                 

     Transmission scattering by atmosphere, absorption of solar              radiation,direct solar radiation.

3.   Low temperature solar radiation collector,flat plate collectors,        optical characteristics of the absorber and the cover,HWB          collector model,low temp.Applications of solar energy solar             swimming systems, solar drying, basic drying parameters.Design      calculation of solar drier; solar heat pump,solar refrigeration         and air conditioning.

4.   Solar thermal generation.

5.   Photovoltaic energy conservation

6.   Wind energy, tidal and ocean thermal energy conversion.Geothermal     energy conversion.

7.   Energy conservation - energy audit approaches at unit level,       industrial Engineering approaches for conservation such as p.f.         Improvement.Power factor controller, selection of electrical       drives and their rating,high Efficiency motors, voltage            regulation,maintenance and lubrication of drives,vibration              reduction in transmission and distribution  losses,Lightning       system with good design illumination systems,efficient Electrical     drives for fans, pumps, compressors and refrigeration  system;

     Domestic and industrial load shedding.

8.  Use of computers in energy audit:A Case study.- calculation      and costing;project cost Evaluation by ROI,payback terms – Energ      balance an organization for Energy management.Conservation              measures and diagnostic review.

9.   Modern methods for energy savings in industrial & domestic              applications.

10.  Demand side management: A Case study.

     Reference books :

1.     Renewable energy sources and conservation technology          By- N.K. Bansal, Kleemann and Meliss published by Tata McGraw-Hill Public. Ltd., New Delhi

     Term work shall be based on syllabus.

E–503 DIGITAL  ELECTRONICS  (W.E.F.2003)

(1) NUMBER SYSTEMS :- Binary ,Decimal,octal and hexadecimal                         numbers,and their conversions representation of negative numbers,               binary  codes.

(2)  LOGIC GATES & BOOLEAN ALGEBRA: - Inverter, AND, OR,NAND,           NOR, EXCLUSIVE OR Gates. Boolean algebra: Operations, xpressions,            Basic theorems and properties of Boolean algebra , De Morgan’s      theorem, Boolean Functions, canonical and standard forms.

(3) SIMPLIFICATION OF BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS :- K – map method, Two and three variable maps,four variable map,five and six variable               maps, product of sums simplification, Nand and Nor implementation,                other two level implementation, Don’t care conditions,          

(4) COMBINATIONAL LOGIC :-Introduction, design procedure, Adders,            subtractors, multilevel NAND circuits,multilevel NOR circuits,                     Exclusive - OR and equivalence functions,combinational logic using                   Universal gates.

(5) LOGIC FUNCTIONS :- Introduction, Binary parallel Adders, Decimal              adders,comparator,code converters,decoders,Encoders,multiplexers,            De multiplexers. Read only memory programmable logic array.

(6) SEQUENTIAL LOGIC CIRCUITS :- Flip –Flops, triggering of Flip –                Flops,analysis of clocked sequential circuits,Clocked S-R Flip-flop ,                    J-K Flip-flop, D type & T type Flip-flops.J-K Master slave.

(7) SHIFT REGISTER, COUNTER AND MEMORY  UNIT :-                              Shift  Registers: Serial in-serial out,Serial in-parallel out,parallel     in-serial out, parallel in-parallel out , Bi directional shift register.                 Shift register applications,Counters:synchronous counters,                           Asynchronous counters Up/Down counter,cascaded counters,                             counter applications. Memory concept, Read only memory,                                    programmable ROM, Read/write  Random access Memories

(8)DIGITAL LOGIC FAMILIES :- Introduction,RTL & DTL circuits,             Transistor–Transistor logic,Emitter coupled logic,MOS & CMOS  logic.    

(9)    Schottky  TTL.

PRACTICAL/ORAL : Practicals and termwork shall be based on syllabus.

LIST OF BOOKS:

(1)    Digital Logic and Computer Design          by M. Morrismano, PHI.

(2)    Digital electronics                                       by R.P.JAIN

(3)    Integrated Electronics                     by Millman and Halkias

(4)    Digital Principles and applications by Malvino and Leach

(5)  Digital fundamentals                                 by THOMAS FLOYD

E.504 Elements of Electrical design (W.E.F.2003)

Magnetic circuit : Basic principles of magnetic circuits.B-A1 curves     Calculations of MMF fir air-gap and teeth,real and Apparent flux        -density,effect of saturation flux-density Distribution,calculation of magnetizing current,field-Form,Carter's fringe curve,flux     -plotting air-gap flux distribution factor actual flux distribution factor.

Electromagnets   :Types and design of magnet coils. design of flat      faced,circular magnet,horse shoe and plunger type magnets,design of     magnetic clutches.

Transformers & Choke coils : Design of small single-phase             transformers, design of welding transformers,Design of variable gap     choke coils for 1-phase and 3-phase.

Armature windings: Types  of d.c. and a.c. windings simplex lap and        wave d.c.armature winding dummy coils,equalizer connections.

A.c. windings : Single layer,concentric,hemitropic,whole coil and mush     winding,double layer,integral and fractional pitch winding.

Design of starters and fields regulators :Design of starters for     d.c.shunt and series motors,induction motors,graphical method for     calculation of resistance steps.Design of resistance for starters,     Design of field regulators for d.c. shunt motor and generators.         Design of loading rheostats design of heating elements automatic      starting of d.c. and a.c. motors.theory and circuit diagrams of         push-button starters i.e. DOL  star delta,rotor-resistance              starters. Use of contactors in control circuits.

Term work  : Term work is based on above syllabus.Atleast five design     problems  and drawings should be done in the laboratory to              enhance the knowledge, industrial visit should be arranged.

Reference Books  :

(i) A course in Electrical machine design -  by A.K.Sawhney

(ii)  Performance and design of A.C. machine -  by H.G. Say                   (iii) Performance and design of D.C. machine -        by Clayton

E-505 POWER  ELECTRONICS  DEVICES & CIRCUITS

1        PHASE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER:  Phase  angle  control , single phase half wave & full     wave control rectifier, Single phase half control bridge  rectifier, Three phase controlled                converters, Three pulse converters, six  pulse  converters, Three phase  Fully  controlled Bridge      converter, The External  performance Measures of  six pulse converter,  The effect  of Input   source Impedance,  performance of converter circuits with Battery Load,  Discontinuous               conduction in Two  quadrant converters, Inversion operation,  selection of converter circuits,    Firing circuits for Line commutated converters,  Triggering circuit for single phase Fully                  controlled converter,  Microprocessor based Firing scheme  for Three phase  Fully controlled        Bridge converter.

2. INVERTERS :  Thyristor  Inverter classification, series  inverters, self  commutated In parallel  Inverter, The single phase Bridge voltage  source Inverter, Three phase  Bridge               Inverters,Three phase Bridge Inverter with Input circuit commutation,  voltage control  of single            phase inverters,  voltage control  of  Three phase  inverters,  Harmonic  Filters, Harmonic                    Reduction,  current source inverters,  performance comparisons of pulse width  Modulated         ( PWM ) , Adjustable voltage  inverters,   and current source inverters.

3.   CHOPPERS :  Principle of  chopper  operation, control  strategies, step up chopper,  step-up /  Down  chopper, chopper configuration, chopper commutation, Jones chopper, Morgan  chopper,          A.C. chopper, source filter, Multiphase  chopper, chopper control of D.C. series Motor,  chopper        firing circuit.

 4.   CYCLOCONVERTERS :  The Basic principle of operation,single phase to single phase                  cycloconverter,Three phase Half wave cycloconverters, cycloconverter  circuits  for Three  phase            output, Ring connected cycloconverters circuits, output voltage Equation, control circuit,                      comparison of the cycloconverters and D.C. Link  converter, Load  commutated cycloconverters.

5.   DUAL  CONVERTERS :  Principle  of  Dual  converter, ( Ideal  Dual  converter ),  practical  Dual            converter,  Dual converter  without  circulating current  operation,  Dual  converter  with                      circulating  current operation,  Dual mode Dual converter, comparison between  Non  circulating             current,   Microprocessor  based  Firing  scheme  for a Dual  converter.

6..    MODERN  POWER SEMICONDUCTOR  DEVICES  : Historical  perspective,                  Members  of Thyristor  Family,Gate  assisted  Turn -off Thyristors ( GATT ),Bidirectional       Triode Thyristors, ( TRIAC ) Bidirectional Diode Thyristors (  DIAC ) ,  silicon  Bilateral  switch         ( SBS ),  Silicon  Unilateral  switch ( SUS ),  silicon  controlled  switch  (SCS),   Light  activated      silicon  controlled Rectifiers (LASCR),  Power Transistor,  Insulated  Gate  Bipolar   Transistor          ( IGBTs),  static  Induction  Transistor ( SITS),  Gate  Turn off  Thyristor,  Field  controlled            Thyristor (FCT),   static  Induction  Thyristor ( SITHs), MOS- controlled  Thyristor( MCT ),            Power  Integrated circuit( PICs), comparison  of  power  Devices.

7.   CONTROL  OF  D.C. DRIVES : Basic  Machine  Equations, Breaking Modes, schemes for            D.C. Motor speed control, single phase  separately  Excited Drives,  Breaking operation  of                 Rectifier  controlled separately  Excited  Motor,  single phase  series  D.C. Motor  drives,  power        factor  Improvement,   Three phase  separately  Excited  Drives,  D.C. Chopper Drives, Closed           loop  control  of  D.C.  Drives,  phase   locked  Loop  ( PLL )  control  of D.C. Drives,                   Microprocessor control  of D.C.  Drives. 

8.     CONTROL   OF  A.C. DRIVES  :   Basic  principle  of operation, squirrel- cage  Rotor                design,  speed control  of Induction motor,  stator  voltage control,  variable  frequency control,              Rotor  Resistance control,  slip  power  Recovery  scheme, synchronous  Motor  drives,                        Microprocessor  controlled  A.C. drives.  

·        Books of references :         

1    Power electronics By P.S.Bhimbara   Khanna publications Delhi

      2    Power electronics and controls by Samir K. Datta  Prentice Hall India, New Delhi

     3    Industrial & power Electronics by - Harish C. Rai  Umesh Publications, Delhi

       4    Thyristor Engineering by M.S. Berde      Khanna publications Delhi

       5    Power electronics by M.H.Rashid, PHI Publication